Sauce Selection: What Sauce Is Used in Chicken Parmesan?

Chicken parmesan, a beloved Italian-American dish, has sparked a culinary debate: is it made with marinara sauce or not? This question has puzzled food enthusiasts for years, with opinions ranging from unwavering affirmations to emphatic denials. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the origins, ingredients, and culinary traditions surrounding chicken parmesan to provide a definitive answer.

What is Chicken Parmesan?

Chicken parmesan is a classic dish consisting of breaded and fried chicken topped with a rich tomato-based sauce, melted mozzarella cheese, and grated Parmesan cheese. It is typically served with a side of pasta or spaghetti.

The Role of Marinara Sauce in Italian Cuisine

Marinara sauce, a staple in Italian cooking, is a simple yet flavorful sauce made from tomatoes, garlic, onions, and herbs. It is often used as a base for various pasta dishes, pizzas, and seafood preparations.

Historical Origins of Chicken Parmesan

The exact origins of chicken parmesan are disputed, but it is believed to have originated in Italy during the late 19th century. The dish was likely inspired by similar Italian preparations such as “parmigiana di melanzane” (eggplant parmesan) and “parmigiana di vitello” (veal parmesan).

The Traditional Sauce for Chicken Parmesan

In Italy, chicken parmesan is traditionally made with a simple tomato sauce, which may or may not include onions and garlic. This sauce is typically thicker and less chunky than marinara sauce.

The Americanization of Chicken Parmesan

Chicken parmesan was introduced to the United States in the early 20th century by Italian immigrants. Over time, the dish evolved to include several Americanized elements, including the use of marinara sauce.

Marinara Sauce vs. Tomato Sauce: The Key Differences

While both marinara sauce and tomato sauce are made from tomatoes, there are key differences between the two:

• Texture: Marinara sauce is typically thinner and smoother than tomato sauce.
• Ingredients: Marinara sauce often includes herbs such as basil and oregano, while tomato sauce may have a wider variety of ingredients, such as onions, garlic, and bell peppers.
• Flavor: Marinara sauce tends to have a more pronounced tomato flavor, while tomato sauce can have a more complex flavor profile.

Is Chicken Parmesan Made with Marinara Sauce?

Based on the historical origins and traditional preparations of chicken parmesan, the answer is no. Chicken parmesan is traditionally made with a simple tomato sauce, which may or may not include onions and garlic.
However, it is important to note that the dish has evolved over time, and many Americanized versions of chicken parmesan do include marinara sauce. Ultimately, the choice of sauce is a matter of personal preference.

Variations on Chicken Parmesan Sauce

While marinara sauce may not be the traditional sauce for chicken parmesan, there are several variations on the sauce that are commonly used:

• Tomato Basil Sauce: A simple sauce made from tomatoes, basil, garlic, and olive oil.
• Arrabbiata Sauce: A spicy sauce made with tomatoes, garlic, chili peppers, and olive oil.
• Puttanesca Sauce: A flavorful sauce made with tomatoes, garlic, anchovies, capers, and olives.

Tips for Making the Perfect Chicken Parmesan Sauce

• Use high-quality tomatoes, preferably San Marzano tomatoes.
• Simmer the sauce for at least 30 minutes to allow the flavors to develop.
• Season the sauce to taste with salt, pepper, and herbs.
• If desired, add a touch of sugar to balance the acidity of the tomatoes.

Questions We Hear a Lot

1. What is the difference between chicken parmesan and eggplant parmesan?
Chicken parmesan is made with breaded and fried chicken, while eggplant parmesan is made with breaded and fried eggplant.
2. What is the best cheese to use for chicken parmesan?
Mozzarella cheese is the traditional cheese used for chicken parmesan, but other cheeses such as Parmesan, provolone, or a blend of cheeses can also be used.
3. Can I use store-bought marinara sauce for chicken parmesan?
Yes, you can use store-bought marinara sauce for chicken parmesan, but it is recommended to use a high-quality sauce that is made with real tomatoes and herbs.
4. How do I make sure my chicken parmesan is crispy?
To ensure that your chicken parmesan is crispy, make sure to double bread the chicken and fry it in hot oil until it is golden brown.
5. What is the best way to serve chicken parmesan?
Chicken parmesan is typically served with a side of pasta or spaghetti, but it can also be served with mashed potatoes, roasted vegetables, or a green salad.